#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Usage:
install-lmk <project name> [--from <built dir>] [options]

The available project names are:
classic (or final or minetest) to install ~/minetest-rsync,
finetest (or fine) to install ~/finetest-rsync
    (for the game that ripped off Multicraft.org's name), or
trolltest (or troll) to install ~/trolltest-rsync (based on MT5).

If the current directory is not ~/minetest-rsync, the suffix "local"
will be used for installed directories and shortcuts instead of rsync to
indicate you are using a downloaded copy (not using a copy obtained via
rsync access to the build server).

Options:
--from <built dir>    Install from this directory. Defaults to
                      "$HOME/minebest-rsync/mtkit/minetest".
--server              Require a binary ending with "server" to be
                      present in built dir. Defaults to False.
--client              Require a binary ending with "server" to be
                      present in built dir. Defaults to True, but False
                      if --server is used without --client.
"""
from __future__ import print_function
import copy
import json
import os
import platform
import shutil
import stat
import sys
import tempfile
from pprint import pformat

if platform.system() == "Windows":
    HOME = os.environ['USERPROFILE']
    SHORTCUTS_DIR = os.path.join(HOME, "Desktop")
elif platform.system() == "Darwin":
    HOME = os.environ['HOME']
    SHORTCUTS_DIR = os.path.join(HOME, "Desktop")
else:
    HOME = os.environ['HOME']
    SHORTCUTS_DIR = os.path.join(HOME, ".local", "share", "applications")

if sys.version_info.major < 3:
    FileNotFoundError = IOError
    ModuleNotFoundError = ImportError


INSTALL_SRC = os.path.join(HOME, "minebest-rsync", "mtkit", "minetest")
# ^ Changed later if detected in current dir (in use_if_source).
DETECT_KIT_SUBDIRS = ["minetest", "mtsrc"]  # Use via detect_source
# ^ First entry of DETECT_KIT_SUBDIRS has to be the new INSTALL_SRC!

VARIANT = "rsync"  # Changed to "local" if not in universal directory!

MINETEST_KEYWORDS = ("sandbox;world;mining;crafting;blocks;nodes;multiplayer;"
                     "roleplaying;")

project_metas = {
    'classic': {  # minetest is the project name (in mtsrc/newline dir)
        'shortcut': {
            'GenericName': "Final Minetest",
            'Keywords': MINETEST_KEYWORDS,
        },
        'dirname': "minetest",
        'name_and_variant_fmt': "Final Minetest ({})",
        'name': "Final Minetest",
        'shortcut_exe_relpaths': [
            os.path.join("bin", "minetest"),
        ],
        'platform_icon_relpath': {
            'Linux': os.path.join("misc", "minetest.svg"),
            'Darwin': os.path.join("misc", "minetest-icon.icns"),
            'Windows': os.path.join("misc", "minetest-icon-24x24.png"),
        },
        'shortcut_relpath': os.path.join("misc", "net.minetest.minetest.desktop"),
        'shortcut_name_noext': "org.minetest.minetest",
    },
    'finetest': {
        'shortcut': {
            'GenericName': "Finetest",
            'Keywords': MINETEST_KEYWORDS+"minetest;",
        },
        'dirname': "finetest",
        'name_and_variant_fmt': "Finetest ({})",
        'name': "Finetest",
        'shortcut_exe_relpaths': [
            # os.path.join("bin", "multicraft"),
            os.path.join("bin", "finetest"),
        ],
        'platform_icon_relpath': {
            'Linux': os.path.join("misc", "multicraft-xorg-icon-128.png"),
            'Darwin': os.path.join("misc", "minetest-icon.icns"),
            'Windows': os.path.join("misc", "multicraft-xorg-icon-128.png"),
        },
        'shortcut_relpath': os.path.join("misc", "net.minetest.minetest.desktop"),
        'shortcut_name_noext': "org.minetest.finetest",
    },
    'trolltest': {
        'shortcut': {
            'GenericName': "Trolltest",
            'Keywords': MINETEST_KEYWORDS+"minetest;",
        },
        'dirname': "trolltest",
        'name_and_variant_fmt': "Trolltest ({}) (minetest.org build)",
        'name': "Trolltest (minetest.org)",
        'shortcut_exe_relpaths': [
            os.path.join("bin", "trolltest"),
        ],
        'platform_icon_relpath': {
            'Linux': os.path.join("misc", "minetest.svg"),
            'Darwin': os.path.join("misc", "minetest-icon.icns"),
            'Windows': os.path.join("misc", "minetest-icon-24x24.png"),
        },
        'shortcut_relpath': os.path.join("misc", "net.minetest.minetest.desktop"),
        'shortcut_name_noext': "org.minetest.trolltest",
    },
}

arg_project_name = {
    # 'final': "classic",
    'classic': "classic",
    'trolltest': "trolltest",
    # 'troll': "trolltest",
    'finetest': "finetest",
    # 'fine': "finetest",
}

for _name, _meta in project_metas.items():
    _meta['project_name'] = _name


def write0(*args):
    sys.stderr.write(*args)
    sys.stderr.flush()


def echo0(*args):
    print(*args, file=sys.stderr)


def usage():
    echo0(__doc__)



def detect_source(path):
    """Get a built minetest directory inside of path if present.
    It must contain all DETECT_KIT_SUBDIRS for the subdirectory to be
    detected.

    Returns:
        str: minetest subdirectory. If path does not have
            all DETECT_KIT_SUBDIRS, result is None.
    """
    for sub in DETECT_KIT_SUBDIRS:
        sub_path = os.path.join(path, sub)
        if not os.path.isdir(sub_path):
            return None
    return os.path.join(path, DETECT_KIT_SUBDIRS[0])


def use_if_source(path):
    """Use the path as INSTALL_SRC if it contains a minetest install.
    See detect_source for details. A message is shown regarding the
    status.

    Affects globals:
    - INSTALL_SRC
    - VARIANT

    Returns:
        bool: True if is a source (even if INSTALL_SRC is already the
            same).
    """
    global INSTALL_SRC
    global VARIANT
    detected_src = detect_source(path)
    if detected_src:
        if detected_src != INSTALL_SRC:
            echo0('Switching from "{}" to local copy:'
                  '\n  "{}"'
                  ''.format(INSTALL_SRC, detected_src))
            INSTALL_SRC = detected_src
            VARIANT = "local"
        else:
            echo0('Using standard source location (same as current dir):'
                  '\n  "{}"'
                  ''.format(INSTALL_SRC))
        return True
    else:
        echo0('Using standard source location'
              ' (since current dir does not have both "mtsrc and "minetest"):'
              '\n  "{}"'
              ''.format(INSTALL_SRC))
    return False

def main():
    prefix = "[main] "
    use_if_source(os.getcwd())
    required_bin_suffixes = None
    why_meta = "detected"
    project_meta = detect_project_meta(INSTALL_SRC)
    if project_meta is None:
        why_meta = "undetected"
    key_arg = None
    install_from = None
    project_name = None
    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
        usage()
        if project_meta is None:
            echo0("Error: You must specify one of the names above"
                  " unless well-known executable files can be detected"
                  " to determine what project is being installed.")
            return 1
        else:
            echo0("using detected project: {}".format(
                json.dumps(project_meta, indent=2),
            ))
            # NOTE: ^ shows name_and_variant_fmt with literal "{}" still
            #   (unavoidable without messing with it), so see
            #   "Name={}" further down for that output (Only possible
            #   after `variant` is set).
    elif len(sys.argv) == 2:
        pass  # 1st arg (arg [1]) is always handled further down
    else:
        for argi in range(2, len(sys.argv)):
            arg = sys.argv[argi]
            if key_arg is not None:
                if arg.startswith("--"):
                    usage()
                    echo0("Error: {} must be followed by a value but got {}."
                          "".format(key_arg, arg))
                    return 1
                if key_arg == "--from":
                    install_from = arg
                else:
                    usage()
                    echo0("Error: unknown argument {}".format(key_arg))
                    return 1
            elif arg == "--server":
                if required_bin_suffixes is None:
                    required_bin_suffixes = ["server"]
                else:
                    required_bin_suffixes.append("server")
            elif arg == "--client":
                if required_bin_suffixes is None:
                    required_bin_suffixes = [""]
                else:
                    required_bin_suffixes.append("")
            elif arg == "--from":
                key_arg = arg
            else:
                usage()
                echo0('Error: The 2nd argument must be "server" or left out')
                return 1
    if key_arg is not None:
        usage()
        echo0("Error: {} must be followed by a value."
              "".format(key_arg))
        return 1

    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        name_arg = sys.argv[1]
        project_name = arg_project_name.get(name_arg)
        if project_name is None:
            raise ValueError(
                "Got %s but expected one from %s"
                % (
                    pformat(name_arg),
                    pformat(list(arg_project_name.keys()))
                )
            )
        if project_meta is not None:
            echo0(prefix+"reverting detected meta due to %s argument."
                  % pformat(name_arg))
            project_meta = None
            why_meta = "cleared by %s argument" % name_arg
    elif project_meta is not None:
        project_name = project_meta.get('project_name')
        # ^ May differ from name. For example, project name for
        #   Final Minetest is "classic".
        echo0(prefix+"detected %s" % project_name)

    if install_from is None:
        install_from = INSTALL_SRC

    if project_meta is None:
        if project_name is None:
            raise ValueError(
                "You must either specify one of %"
                " or the source must be a well-known project that can be"
                " detected." % pformat(list(project_metas.keys()))
            )
        project_meta = project_metas[project_name]
        project_meta['required_relpaths'] = []
        if required_bin_suffixes is None:
            required_bin_suffixes = [""]  # only check for * not *server
            # when no options were specified.
            echo0("Warning: No --client or --server option was set, and"
                  " source was %s so only client binary will be verified"
                  " to exist."
                  % why_meta)
        for relpath in project_meta['shortcut_exe_relpaths']:
            for suffix in required_bin_suffixes:
                # for each file such as suffix "" for minetest and
                #   suffix "server" for minetestserver, add to required
                #   files if specified (Instead of if exists, which
                #   only is behavior on detect, though in both cases
                #   they are verified to exist before install, later).
                try_relpath = relpath + suffix
                project_meta['required_relpaths'].append(try_relpath)
        echo0("Generated relpaths: %s" % pformat(project_meta['required_relpaths']))
    else:
        if project_meta.get('required_relpaths') is None:
            raise NotImplementedError(
                "Project %s was detected but required_relpaths was not set."
                % pformat(project_meta.get('project_name'))
            )
        if len(project_meta['required_relpaths']) == 0:
            raise FileNotFoundError(
                "None of the well-known executables for %s could be found: %s"
                % (
                    project_name,
                    pformat(project_meta.get('shortcut_exe_relpaths'))
                )
            )

    results = install_minetest(
        install_from,
        project_meta,
    )
    error = results.get('error')
    if error is not None:
        echo0("Error: %s" % error)
    return 0


def install_minetest(src, project_meta, dst=None, variant_dirname=None,
                     variant=None):
    """Install Minetest

    Args:
        project_meta (dict[string]): The information necessary
            to install the program. It must have the keys:
            - 'dirname' (string): The directory under the
              OS program files.
            - 'required_files' (list): Paths relative to
              src that are required (for ensuring src is intact).
            - There are more required keys for shortcut
              generation (See install_shortcut).
        src (string): The location of the minetest install source to
            copy.
        dst (Optional[string]): Install here. If None, it will become
            the default. Defaults to variant_dirname under C:\games on
            Windows, otherwise under HOME.
        variant_dirname (Optional[string]): Set the install directory
            name (ignored if dst is set). If None, it will become the
            default. Defaults to project_name + "-" + VARIANT (such as
            minetest-rsync). If VARIANT is blank or None, the
            variant_dirname will become the same as the dirname
            (such as minetest).
        variant (str): Append this to the dirname. It also
            affects the shortcut--see "variant" under install_shortcut.
            On desktops environments following the XDG standard,
            also appended to the icon filename so the variant's can
            co-exist with other variants (such as deb and AppImage and
            so on). Defaults to VARIANT (which is set automatically to
            "rsync" or "local" elsewhere).

    Returns:
        dict: "destination" is where it was installed if at all. See
            "warning" in case there was something incorrect about the
            install.
    """
    if variant is None:
        variant = VARIANT
    project_name = project_meta.get('name')
    project_msg = project_name
    if project_msg is None:
        project_msg = pformat(project_meta)
    del project_name

    src_files = project_meta.get('required_relpaths')
    if src_files is None:
        usage()
        error = ("There are no specified source files for %s"
                 " so whether it is intact can't be checked."
                 "" % pformat(project_msg))
        raise NotImplementedError(error)

    missing_files = []
    for src_file in src_files:
        if not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(src, src_file)):
            missing_files.append(src_file)

    if len(missing_files) > 0:
        error = ("Error: The following files are required to be compiled"
                 " for {} before install but are missing: {}"
                 "".format(project_msg, missing_files))
        return {
            'error': error,
        }

    dirname = project_meta['dirname']
    variant_dirname = dirname
    if (variant is not None) and (len(variant.strip()) > 0):
        variant_dirname += "-" + variant
    else:
        variant = None

    if dst is None:
        if platform.system() == "Windows":
            GAMES = "C:\\games"
            if not os.path.isdir(GAMES):
                os.mkdir(GAMES)
            dst = os.path.join(GAMES, variant_dirname)
        else:
            dst = os.path.join(HOME, variant_dirname)
    warning = None

    if not os.path.isdir(dst):
        write0('Installing %s to %s...'
               % (pformat(project_msg), pformat(dst)))
        shutil.copytree(src, dst)
        echo0("Done")
        result_path = dst
    else:
        # Leave result_path as None
        warning = 'Skipping installed "{}".'.format(dst)
        echo0('WARNING: {}'.format(warning))

    for Exec_relpath in project_meta['shortcut_exe_relpaths']:
        Exec = os.path.join(dst, Exec_relpath)
        sc_results = install_shortcut(Exec, dst, project_meta, variant)
        sc_warning = sc_results.get('warning')
        if sc_warning is not None:
            if warning is not None:
                warning += "; " + sc_warning
            else:
                warning = sc_warning
    return {
        'dst': dst,
        'warning': warning,
    }

def generate_caption(project_meta, variant):
    """Generate the icon caption.

    Args:
        project_meta (dict): The dict containing 'name' and
            'name_and_variant_fmt' where 'name' is like
            "Trolltest (minetest.org)", and 'name_and_variant_fmt' is
            like 'Trolltest ({}) (minetest.org build)'.
    """
    Name = project_meta['name']
    if variant is not None:
        name_and_variant_fmt = project_meta.get('name_and_variant_fmt')
        if name_and_variant_fmt is not None:
            Name = name_and_variant_fmt.format(variant)
        else:
            Name += " (" + project_meta['variant'] + ")"  # raise if None
    return Name

def install_shortcut(Exec, dst, project_meta, variant):
    """Install a shortcut to any program on any understood platform.

    - sc_template_path is determined based on dst and shortcut_relpath
    - sc_installed_path (path) is determined from OS and shortcut_name_noext
      (and variant if not None).
    - sc_template_path is read, Exec string is filled based on dst
      (the selected destination where the program is installed)
      then the resulting shortcut is saved to sc_installed_path
      (only after temp file is complete).

    Args:
        Exec (string): The executable path where the shortcut
            should point.
        dst (string): The directory path where the program is
            installed.
        project_meta (dict): All metadata describing the program.
            For this method, it must have the keys:
            - 'name': The entire name (except variant) that
              should be displayed as the shortcut's caption.
            - 'name_and_variant_fmt': Should either be not
              present or contain the name and the placeholder
              "{}" where the variant should go. If not present,
              " " and variant will be added to the end of Name.
            - 'shortcut' (dict): contains:
              - 'GenericName' (Optional[string]): A simplified
                name for the program. If None, the GenericName
                line will be removed from the shortcut. This
                option is only for GNU/Linux systems or other
                systems using XDG.
              - 'Keywords' (Optional[string]): If None, Keywords
                line will be removed from the shortcut. This
                option is only for GNU/Linux systems or other
                systems using XDG.
            - 'shortcut_relpath': The location of an existing
              shortcut file to use and modify.
            - 'platform_icon_relpath' (dict[string]): A dict
              where the key is platform.system() (Must have
              at least 'Linux', 'Windows', *AND* 'Darwin')
              and the value is the relative path from
              dst to the icon image file.
        variant (string): The special string to put in parenthesis
            after the name to denote what kind of package or source was
            used to obtain the program, such as "rsync" if a local
            custom build, or more commonly "git", "deb", etc. If it is
            an official binary archive, set this to "release". However,
            if the package type (such as deb) is native to your distro,
            set this to None to indicate it is the package supported
            for your distro.
            - Name is constructed using
              project_meta['name_and_variant_fmt'] if present, otherwise
              Name will be project_meta['name] + " (" + 'variant' + ")".
              If variant is None, name is project_meta['name'].
    Raises:
        FileNotFoundError: If src does not exist.
    """
    warning = None
    Name = generate_caption(project_meta, variant)
    echo0("Name={}".format(Name))
    platform_icon_relpath = project_meta.get('platform_icon_relpath')
    icon_relpath = None
    if platform_icon_relpath is not None:
        icon_relpath = platform_icon_relpath.get(platform.system())
    if icon_relpath is None:
        raise NotImplementedError(
            "There is no platform icon for {}.".format(platform.system())
        )
    Icon = os.path.join(dst, icon_relpath)
    shortcut_meta = copy.deepcopy(project_meta.get('shortcut'))
    shortcut_meta['Name'] = Name
    shortcut_meta['Exec'] = Exec
    shortcut_meta['Icon'] = Icon
    # ^ rewrite_conf *removes* any lines where value is None

    if platform.system() == "Linux":
        sc_template_path = os.path.join(dst, project_meta['shortcut_relpath'])
        shortcut_name = "{}.{}.desktop".format(
            project_meta['shortcut_name_noext'],
            variant,
        )
        sc_installed_path = os.path.join(SHORTCUTS_DIR, shortcut_name)
        if not os.path.isdir(SHORTCUTS_DIR):
            os.makedirs(SHORTCUTS_DIR)  # default mode is 511
        write0('Installing icon to "{}"...'.format(sc_installed_path))
        rewrite_conf(
            sc_template_path,
            sc_installed_path,
            changes=shortcut_meta,
        )
        echo0("OK")
    elif platform.system() == "Darwin":
        shortcut_name = Name + ".command"
        sc_installed_path = os.path.join(SHORTCUTS_DIR, shortcut_name)
        with open(sc_installed_path) as stream:
            stream.write('"%s"\n' % Exec)
            # ^ Run the game & close Command Prompt immediately.
            # ^ First arg is Command Prompt title, so leave it blank.
        st = os.stat(sc_installed_path)
        os.chmod(sc_installed_path, st.st_mode | stat.S_IXUSR)
        # ^ same as stat.S_IEXEC: "Unix V7 synonym for S_IXUSR."
    elif platform.system() == "Windows":
        shortcut_name = Name + ".bat"
        sc_installed_path = os.path.join(SHORTCUTS_DIR, shortcut_name)
        with open(sc_installed_path) as stream:
            stream.write('start "" "%s"\n' % Exec)
            # ^ Run the game & close Command Prompt immediately.
            # ^ First arg is Command Prompt title, so leave it blank.
    else:
        warning = ("Icon install isn't implemented for {}."
                   "".format(platform.system()))
    return {
        "warning": warning,  # may be None
        "destination": dst,
    }


# def get_missing_subs(mt_share_path, subs):
#     """Get a list of any missing files for a source *or* destination.
#     """


def detect_project_meta(mt_share_path):
    """Detect the project info from a source *or* destination.

    Only first entry will be used & get "server" added.

    Args:
        mt_share_path (string): The path containing
            project_meta['shortcut_exe_relpaths']
            filename(s).

    Returns:
        A copy of the matching project_meta (from project_metas) with
        an added entry 'required_relpaths'.
        - *detecting errors*: If the list length is 0 or the key is not
          present, no required files were found and the install source
          is not understandable (There is no known binary such as for
          different code to make a shortcut).
        - If relpath+"server" exists in the case of the first entry in
          'shortcut_exe_relpaths', that server binary will be added to
          the 'required_relpaths' list whether or not the filename
          without "server" in the name exists.
    """
    prefix = "[detect_project_meta] "
    matches = []
    for mode, meta in project_metas.items():
        new_meta = copy.deepcopy(meta)
        if 'required_relpaths' not in new_meta:
            new_meta['required_relpaths'] = \
                meta['shortcut_exe_relpaths'].copy()
        for sub in meta.get('shortcut_exe_relpaths'):
            sub_path = os.path.join(mt_share_path, sub)
            try_extra_rel = sub+"server"
            try_extra_exe = os.path.join(mt_share_path, try_extra_rel)
            found_any = False
            if os.path.isfile(try_extra_exe):
                found_any = True
                if try_extra_rel not in new_meta['required_relpaths']:
                    new_meta['required_relpaths'].append(try_extra_exe)
                    # For example, bin/minetestserver is required
                    #   if in --server install mode (and this
                    #   function detects that mode)
                    #   but there is no shortcut to it in the GUI.
            else:
                echo0(prefix+"There is no %s" % try_extra_exe)
            if os.path.isfile(sub_path):
                found_any = True
            else:
                echo0(prefix+"There is no %s" % sub_path)
                new_meta['required_relpaths'].remove(sub)
                # For example, remove "minetest" if not present (but
                #   install can still proceed if "minetestserver" was
                #   added to the required list).
            if found_any:
                matches.append(new_meta)
                break  # only first entry will be used & get "server" added
    if len(matches) == 1:
        echo0(prefix+"found source files: %s" % pformat(matches[0]['required_relpaths']))
        return matches[0]
    return None


def rewrite_conf(src, dst, changes={}):
    """Install a conf such as an XDG desktop shortcut with changes.

    Args:
        src (string): The conf file to read.
        dst (string): The conf file to write or overwrite.
        changes (dict): A set of values to change by name. For any value
            that is None, the line will be removed!
    """
    # This function is redefined further down in the case of Python 2.
    fd, path = tempfile.mkstemp()
    try:
        with os.fdopen(fd, 'wb') as tmp:
            # ^ ensure still exists when moving
            write0("Generating temporary icon %s..." % path)
            # NOTE: tmp.name is just some number (int)!
            with open(src, "rb") as stream:
                for rawL in stream:
                    signI = rawL.find(b'=')
                    # commentI = rawl.find(b'#')
                    if rawL.strip().startswith(b"#"):
                        tmp.write(rawL)
                        continue
                    if rawL.strip().startswith(b"["):
                        tmp.write(rawL)
                        continue
                    if signI < 0:
                        tmp.write(rawL)
                        continue
                    key_bytes = rawL[:signI].strip()
                    key = key_bytes.decode("utf-8")
                    value = changes.get(key)
                    if key not in changes:
                        # The value wasn't changed so write it as-is
                        # echo0("%s not in %s" % (key, changes))
                        tmp.write(rawL)
                        continue
                    if value is None:
                        echo0("%s was excluded from the icon" % key)
                        continue
                    line = "%s=%s\n" % (key, value)
                    tmp.write(line.encode("utf-8"))
        shutil.copy(path, dst)
    finally:
        write0("removing tmp file...")
        os.remove(path)


if sys.version_info.major < 3:
    # Python 2 (strings are bytes)
    def rewrite_conf(src, dst, changes={}):
        """Install a conf such as an XDG desktop shortcut with changes.
        """
        fd, path = tempfile.mkstemp()
        try:
            with os.fdopen(fd, 'wb') as tmp:
                write0("Generating temporary icon %s..." % path)
                with open(src, "rb") as stream:
                    for rawL in stream:
                        signI = rawL.find('=')
                        # commentI = rawl.find('#')
                        if rawL.strip().startswith("#"):
                            tmp.write(rawL)
                            continue
                        if rawL.strip().startswith("["):
                            tmp.write(rawL)
                            continue
                        if signI < 0:
                            tmp.write(rawL)
                            continue
                        key_bytes = rawL[:signI].strip()
                        key = key_bytes
                        value = changes.get(key)
                        if key not in changes:
                            # The value wasn't changed so write it as-is
                            tmp.write(rawL)
                            continue
                        if value is None:
                            echo0("%s was excluded from the icon" % key)
                            continue
                        line = "%s=%s\n" % (key, value)
                        tmp.write(line)
            shutil.copy(path, dst)
        finally:
            write0("removing tmp file...")
            os.remove(path)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())